How Is Dog Cancer Treatment Performed in Singapore?

How Is Cancer Diagnosed in Dogs?

Diagnosing cancer in dogs begins with a thorough clinical evaluation. Your veterinarian will first perform a physical examination and review any symptoms your dog may be experiencing, such as unexplained weight loss, lumps, lethargy or changes in appetite. This initial assessment helps determine whether further testing is needed.

To confirm a diagnosis, several types of tests may be recommended:

• Blood tests: These blood tests help evaluate your dog’s overall health and detect abnormalities that may indicate underlying disease.
• Imaging tests: Methods such as X-rays, ultrasound or CT scans allow veterinarians to identify the presence, size and location of tumours and assess whether the cancer has spread to organs or other parts of the body.
• Biopsy or fine needle aspiration: This diagnostic approach involves collecting a sample of cells or tissue from a suspicious mass for laboratory analysis, which is essential for confirming the type of cancer.

The information obtained from these tests is key to developing an appropriate and effective treatment plan tailored to your dog’s specific condition.

What Factors Influence Dog Cancer Treatment Plans?

Dog cancer treatment is highly individualised. Veterinarians consider several key factors before recommending a cancer treatment approach, ensuring that the plan is both effective and appropriate for your dog’s overall well-being.

Type of Cancer

One of the most important factors is the type of cancer. Different cancers, such as lymphoma, mast cell tumours or bone cancer, behave differently and respond to different treatments. Some may be more aggressive, while others progress slowly and can be managed over time.

Stage and Spread of Disease

The stage of the disease also plays a critical role. Early-stage cancers that are localised may be treated more successfully with surgery or targeted therapy, while advanced cancers that have spread may require a combination of treatments to control progression.

Dog’s Age, Breed and Overall Health

Your dog’s age, breed and overall health are also taken into account. Older dogs or those with existing medical conditions may not tolerate certain procedures well, so veterinarians will adjust the plan to minimise risks while maximising the effectiveness of treatment.

Owner’s Goals and Quality-of-Life Considerations

The pet owner’s preferences and quality-of-life considerations will be considered as well. Treatment decisions often balance extending lifespan with preserving your dog’s comfort and daily function. Your veterinarian will work closely with you to choose an approach that aligns with your goals and what you feel is best for your dog.

What Are the Main Dog Cancer Treatment Options in Singapore?

The goal of canine cancer treatment is to either remove the cancer, control its spread or improve your dog’s quality of life by alleviating symptoms. Two of the most commonly used treatment options are chemotherapy and surgical oncology.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses specialised drugs to target and destroy cancer cells or slow their growth. In dogs, chemotherapy is generally administered at lower doses compared to humans, which helps minimise side effects while still being effective.

It is commonly used for cancers that have spread throughout the body, such as lymphoma, or when there is a risk of recurrence after surgery. Most dogs tolerate chemotherapy well, with mild and manageable side effects such as temporary lethargy or reduced appetite. Treatment is usually given in cycles, with regular monitoring to assess response and adjust the procedure if needed.

Surgical Oncology

Surgical oncology involves the physical removal of tumours and is often the first line of treatment for localised cancers. The goal is to completely excise the tumour to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Surgery may be curative for certain cancers if detected early. Cancers such as mast cell tumours or soft tissue sarcomas can be removed through surgery, potentially preventing their spread and recurrence.

In other cases, it may be used to reduce tumour size before additional treatments such as chemotherapy. Recovery depends on the complexity of the procedure and your dog’s overall health, but most dogs can return to normal activities with appropriate post-operative care.

When Should You See a Veterinarian for Suspected Cancer in Dogs?

Recognising the early signs of cancer in dogs can make a meaningful difference in treatment outcomes. While some symptoms may appear mild at first, they should not be ignored, especially if they persist or worsen over time. Common warning signs to look out for include:

• Lumps or swellings that continue to grow
• Unexplained weight loss
• Lethargy or reduced activity levels
• Loss of appetite
• Persistent wounds that do not heal
• Changes in breathing, urination or bowel habits

Meet Our Veterinary Specialist in Singapore

Dr Nicholas WooConsultant Vet and SurgeonBVSc (Hons) MANZCVS (Small Animal Surgery)

Dr Nicholas Woo is a consultant vet and surgeon with a strong passion for animal care. Dr Woo has undergone specialised training in small animal surgery and oncology under renowned veterinary specialists, equipping him with experience in managing complex surgical and medical cases. His clinical interests include advanced soft tissue surgery, animal orthopaedics, oncological care, hip replacement, spinal surgery and critical care management.

In 2017, Dr Woo founded Advanced Vetcare with the aim of providing accessible, high-level veterinary care supported by modern medical facilities and round-the-clock emergency services.

Dr Woo has also presented at numerous veterinary meetings, where he shares his knowledge and experience with fellow professionals while contributing to ongoing developments in veterinary medicine.